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2026-04-15
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Current Issue
ARCHITECTURE INTO THE UNKNOWN
Aarhus School of Architecture, Denmark, 23.05. – 26.05.2024
The EAAE–ARCC 2024 international joint conference proceedings, titled Architecture into the Unknown, explore how architectural research and practice engage with uncertainty, complexity, and emerging futures. The contributions reflect a shared commitment to critical inquiry, experimental methods, and new forms of knowledge production that challenge established paradigms and expand the boundaries of the discipline. The conference was held at the Aarhus School of Architecture in collaboration with the European Association for Architectural Education (EAAE) and the Architectural Research Centers Consortium (ARCC).
Editors | Claus Peder Pedersen, Nanna Hagedorn Olsen, Anders Kruse Aagaard
Graphic Design | Anders Kruse Aagaard, Claus Peder Pedersen
Publisher | European Association of Architectural Education
ISBN | 9789083127163
Published:
2026-04-02
Full Issue
About the conference
A. Workshops
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Future of the City Centre Network
Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction: Working Commission in Architectural Design and Management.
B. Creative Practice
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The Research Collage addresses the challenges of contemporary architectural practice. This implements the end of the environmental conditions of the geological epoch of the Holocene and the beginning of the Anthropocene. The aim is to investigate the multi-dimensional manifestations of architectural practice in place and time in the Anthropocene and thus to extend the scope of observation to processes beyond the architectural object. In order to overcome familiar thought patterns, the technical perspective...
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Urban planning and design face mayor challenges in mitigating environmental damages and restoring broken relationships between people and other living species. Interdisciplinary fieldwork (IDF), uniting landscape architects, biologists and other disciplines in co-investigation of urban sites, may open possibilities or deepening the human-nature relationship and motivating the necessary systemic transformative change. We tap into an understanding of ‘sites’ as comprised by thick and precious networks of...
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Architectural research involves comprehensive analysis of diverse data, including user satisfaction data, interview excerpts, plans, and photographs. Analyzing such qualitative material is costly and time-consuming. While architectural programming firms often use qualitative data analysis software, many practitioners rely on informal methods. This article explores AI-assisted content analysis by comparing it with human-centered analysis in two case studies. Efficiency, accuracy, and replicability were...
C. Papers
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Urban green spaces play a critical role in shaping mental health, offering environments that can either restore well-being or exacerbate stress. However, access to these restorative benefits often reflects deeper socio- economic patterns, raising questions about equity and inclusion. This study investigates how visitor perceptions of urban parks—gathered through Google reviews—differ between neighborhoods with varying degrees of gentrification. Examining this data alongside the socio-economic trajectories...
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Current research has found evidence of associations between particulate matter, respiratory diseases, and increases in mortality from all causes. However, most of this data comes from developed countries, whereas studies from middle to low-income countries are limited. In Chile, high levels of Energy Poverty (EP) have been identified in the central-southern towns of the country, where the primary means for household heating are wood stoves. They generate periods of high air pollution during the winter and...
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Liminal urbanisation represents a bottom-up communal organisation of self-built dwellings, established through the social interdependence of neighbours. A study of forced migrants from Kosovo and North Macedonia inhabiting the periphery of Montenegrin coastal cities reveals spatial, temporal and social splintering of conventional decision-making processes. This fragmentation manifests through linear recurrence, cyclical repetitiveness and periodisation, which together form the spatiotemporal framework of...
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The paper aims to highlight the social role of architecture and the associated social responsibility of architects. To this end the study employs a qualitative research approach to investigate the role of Yugoslav memorial architecture from the Tito era, using Boundary Object Theory as a framework drawing inspiration from Susan Leigh Star”s sociological framework. Boundary Objects are located at the interface between communities and are able to build bridges between conflicting points of view. Driven by...
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Our study explores the intricate relationship between architectural design, care, and atmospheric experiences at the intersection of architecture and psychology. Focused on understanding how on-site experiences interact with initial design intentions, we delve into specific aspects of architectural care and atmospheres.
In the latter half of the 20th century, the idea of a profound connection between architecture and human well-being gained prominence. Recently, the concept of atmosphere has...
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This study explores the dynamic interplay between Copenhagen’s squatting movement and urban renewal, with particular emphasis on public spaces. Drawing on architectural ethnography and historical analysis— anchored by Henri Lefebvre’s concept of the right to the city—it traces the movement’s evolution from addressing the 1960s housing crisis to confronting contemporary challenges. The research highlights the movement’s adaptability, strategic engagement, and significant contributions to urban spatial...
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A new required course linking architectural and critical theories in the Bachelor of Architecture curriculum of the School of Architecture at the University of Arizona was developed in order to provide a hinge between the predicated courses of the core curriculum and students’ choice of a Research and Innovation (R&I) track for their final three semesters of study, culminating in a Capstone Project. Featuring a plurality of voices in the instructional team, the course, Critical Inquiry (CI), broaches...
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The paper discusses ethics in architecture amid the design of asylum spaces in Europe. It queries the role of the designer in the building typologies of shelter and housing across the limitations that the contemporary asylum practice poses on the discipline, pointing out regulative, political, as well as historic and current societal aspects that critically inform the design sphere around asylum and the understanding of refuge – discussing global phenomena as much as local initiatives. In doing so, it not...
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This paper investigates the presence of forced labor in the supply chain of materials used in the design, construction, and delivery of buildings. While the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry has conclusively acknowledged the very real costs of climate change, it has addressed the impacts of coercive labor practices and modern-day slavery in the making of buildings with far less commitment. This paper seeks to redress the situation by activating three research questions: how might...
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Addressing diverse social, environmental, cultural, and economic urban challenges requires understanding them as dynamic, complex systems. This paper presents ongoing research within the Baltimore Social-Environmental Collaborative (BSEC), a U.S. Department of Energy Urban Integrated Field Laboratory (IFL). Focused on Baltimore as a midsized U.S. industrial city grappling with equitable solutions to climate change and social injustice, BSEC involves diverse collaborators. It adopts an iterative...
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This paper describes the outcomes of an interdisciplinary research collaboration focused on a call issued by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to address a need for designs for accessible affordable housing and plans for modifications necessary to make homes readily adaptable to meet the needs of individuals and families seeking to age-in-place (AIP). Specifically, the research team was directed to considered housing types with four or fewer units, commonly described as...
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The social determinants of health (SDOH) are cited as a common reason for disparities in public health and social medicine literature. However, the interlinkage between SDOH, such as neighborhood and built environments with healthcare access and quality, education access and quality, economic stability, and social and community context, is less explored and is handled independently. Therefore, this research asks what role design- based interventions play in improving SDOH. The method includes a combination...
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The 1901 oil discovery at Spindletop marked a pivotal moment in the economic and industrial evolution of Southeast Texas. Once reliant on the lumber and cattle industries, the region rapidly emerged as a powerhouse of global petroleum production, redefining its economic trajectory. This study examines the far- reaching impacts of Spindletop, exploring how it reshaped the social fabric, urban development, and environmental landscape of key cities such as Beaumont, Port Arthur, and Orange. Framing the oil...
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“Affordances of Architectural Typology" is a concept for design-driven research that explores and advances sustainable design strategies aimed at resilient building structures but are inherently architectural in nature. As material compositions, buildings mediate between forms and functions across different timescales. Considering the “shearing layers” of a building, the primary structural system can last for hundreds of years, while non-bearing walls, surfaces, furnishings, and specific uses are more...
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This paper proposes a radical, multi-phase approach to architecture studio education that combines design-build, expeditionary learning, and analysis-based design research to embed students in the mobile study of the shipping industry, globalization, climate change, and their impacts on coastal communities and ecosystems. The modern shipping industry is the backbone of international trade, accounting for more than eighty percent of world trade, and its impact on the environment, coastal communities, and...
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What determines the lifespan of building materials? This question can be approached in numerous ways. In this article, we work from the assumption that the least erroneous answer is: the future.
Design for disassembly (DfD) is a way to mitigate the uncertainties of dealing with the future of construction and as a way to relinquish material lifespan from construction lifespan. (Crowther, 1999) DfD is an instrumental part of developing circular economy in architecture where lifespan of materials cannot be... -
n response to the escalating energy costs associated with air conditioning, architects and researchers increasingly turn to passive cooling strategies, emphasizing effective heat reduction, shading, and natural ventilation. One possibility is to introduce elements from vernacular architecture around the world into different climates. This study is aiming to evaluate the performance of a traditional element from hot arid climates to hot- humid climates. The traditional Mashrabiya screens from the Arabic...
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In the plastisphere waste-landscapes formed by human consumption are discarded products that often become the place of inhabitation of various inherent earth, and air bound microorganisms (Amarel-Zettler et al. 2020). Yet, whereas the amounts of plastics piled up in our environment and inside our bodies are vast, increasing, due to the everlasting properties of the material, plastics are alien to us (humans of privilege) as a place of inhabitation. Our relationship to plastics is uncomfortable and...
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We are in an affordable housing crisis yet there are large areas of our cities with abundant vacant infill sites with the potential to address this problem. For example, in the Lower North District of Philadelphia about 3 in every 10 rowhome properties are vacant. Rather than recreate the former cramped row homes, this project proposes a new typology of smaller more affordable homes reoriented on the site to provide greater access to sunlight, fresh air, and green space. While not every location is...
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Unique microclimates in urban plazas around tall buildings impact people’s presence, which is driven by the Outdoor Thermal Comfort (OTC) levels. Increasing interest in OTC studies due to their significant contribution to the UN Sustainable Development Goal SDG11 has led to the development of advanced OTC indices. Urban designers and planners strive to gain knowledge in assessing their outdoor public space designs through these indices, thus understanding the impact of such developments on people’s social...
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How do we teach thinking about systems in design studios? And, more importantly, how do we move systems beyond the building and into community relationships, environmental concerns, and social equity? Our food system is unbalanced and unjust; with the rising temperatures and climate crisis, our already uneven system is being pushed to its limits. This paper will be a case study centered around two fourth-year undergraduate studios. It will explore a pedagogical interdisciplinary approach to exploring the...
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A number of zero-carbon prefabricated bamboo buildings were built engaging marginalized communities in a few places in South Asia. This action-research was conducted by teachers and students of architecture who designed and built sustainable structures made of local materials such as bamboo, straw, rope and mud. The prototype design was revised, whenever needed, according to the climate, topography, landscape, materials as well as the traditional wisdom of the local tropical context....
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The paper explores how circular economy (CE), and its practices relates furniture design and architecture in the case of the Regenerative Cabin (fig.2), The Regenerative Cabin Table (fig. 4) and The Lyngby Table (fig. 6). The paper examines the interdisciplinary field of design and architecture and how thinking and concepts of CE establish relationships across disciplines. The study is a qualitative empirical case-study based on observations, qualitative interviews with the architects involved and analysis...
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In contemporary housing development, the dichotomy between quantitative and qualitative approaches underscores a fundamental tension. This article explores the significance of this dichotomy and its complex implications on the ecological relationship between humans, the built, and the natural environment. The paper asks: how can the contemporary architectural practices of housing development encompass a qualitative ecological perspective? This will be elaborated by examining the shortcomings of ‘numerical...
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The last major earthquakes that struck extended urban and rural areas in Southeast Türkiye left thousands of buildings demolished or uninhabitable. After the urgent demand for temporary housing is resolved, there will be a need to provide quick solutions for adequate social spaces for the affected communities. Additionally, considering the large number of collapsed or heavily damaged buildings in past earthquakes in Türkiye, schools of architecture should prepare architects capable of understanding and...
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he Stockholm Resilience Center has been developing data to help outline a safe space for human activities for a decade. This includes the activity of producing building materials, constructing and operating buildings, which is one of the most significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. The impact categories assessed by the worldwide scientific community at the Stockholm Resilience Center match the categories in the ISO standard LCA. This effort is also an expression of the Paris Agreement, which...
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In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to identify, categorize, and investigate the effectiveness of passive cooling strategies (PCSs) for residential buildings. Forty-two studies published between 2000 and 2021 were reviewed; they examined the effects of PCSs on indoor temperature decrease, cooling load reduction, energy savings, and thermal comfort hour extension. In total, 30 passive strategies were identified and classified into three categories: design approach, building...
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In response to the escalating demand for rapid urbanization, the construction industry is compelled to shift towards sustainable alternatives, aiming to overcome various challenges, including shortages in skilled labor, material scarcity, and environmental degradation stemming from conventional and inefficient construction methods. 3D Printing (3DP) offers a transformative solution by digitizing construction processes and enabling the investigation of novel, sustainable materials that are biodegradable,...
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Our rapidly evolving world, where change is commonplace and often daunting, presents pressing challenges, including resource depletion, environmental degradation, and socio-cultural complexities. Amidst these forces, architectural design urgently demands creative and sustainable solutions (Pour and Sinclair 2015). Design potency, relevance, and fit require critical reassessment, recognizing the built environment’s profound impact on quality of life. While essential across building typologies, these needs...
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This follow-up qualitative study delves into the contribution of housing on the material adaptations of teleworking mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The investigation concentrates on the interplay between housing conditions, the multifaceted challenge of daily routines faced by mothers, and telework setups during stay- at-home orders. Insights from the adaptation process will inform flexible design criteria for home offices in the context of a global telework upsurge and enhance preparedness for...
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Architecture and urban design represent spatial conceptualizations at different, interlinked scales. Economic and social sustainability as part of the design concept requires user and community-based research to determine stakeholder habits and needs. One of the largest challenges in such research is collecting representative data, a challenge that was exacerbated by the lack of in-person research opportunities during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The pandemic forced research method adaptions for both...
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This literature review explores the impact of classroom architecture on the educational success of secondary school students. It forms part of the work of the Schola research consortium, which aims to guide the renovation of Quebec's public primary and secondary schools. A key premise of this review is that the insights gained can inform the renovation strategies for Quebec's public schools, as outlined in the Quebec Ministry of Education's recent Educational Success Policy, which focuses on supporting...
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The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial connections within narrative space and gain insights into the perceptual and experiential processes of individuals in the context of architectural space as portrayed in the written word (movie scripts) and movie representations. The transformation of the subject's experience occurs while transitioning between textual and visual forms of space, due to inherent distinctions between the two mediums. The comprehension of the subject's encounter inside the realms...
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Working across disciplines is essential to tackle the complex global health challenges faced today. One such challenge is the proliferation of Aedes mosquitoes in recent decades, which has led to a significant and growing public health burden. According to the WHO, half of the world's population is at risk of contracting Aedes mosquito-borne viral diseases (MBVDs) such as dengue, and this is expected to rise as climate change expands the predicted geographic reach of these mosquitoes as far north as...
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he establishment of an edge, of limits, or a periphery, is fundamental to architecture. It is the
foundation of the difference between the known and unknown, inside and outside, the zone of significant energy transfers, and the making of ‘place.’ The term ‘placemaking” may be a cliché, but there is an essential truth in the concept that makes it worth re-evaluation and definition in the context of current...
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his study explores the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in contemporary architectural design, particularly in reshaping the architectural montage concept. The primary objective is to understand how AI, as a design tool, influences and transforms the methods and styles of architectural design. The research explores different applications of AI in architectural design that include assisting in conceptual design, generation and imitation of architectural styles, architectural model rendering and...
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This paper explores the intersection of artificial intelligence and architectural sketching in the context of international travel experiences. Traditional hand-drawn sketches, once a medium for capturing and projecting architectural visions, have waned in the face of digital photography and social media's image-centric culture. To address this challenge, a one-week workshop was designed, leveraging AI text-to-image generation technology to document Rome as the chosen experiential site. By employing AI...
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Experimental practice – ExP, a new master course in architecture at NTNU, Norway, starts with the premise that architectural design knowledge is not made from static, unvarying facts. It is not a commodity one can purchase and therefore own it in its primary, unchangeable form. On the contrary, it is owned only when experienced through practices that are experimental and as such open to infinite processes of enquiry and critical thinking; through letting the knowns shift and adapt to everchanging...
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Built environment education (BEE) presents an interdisciplinary field of education intended for children and young people. Besides fields of architecture, urban design, art, landscape architecture, etc., it includes different social aspects such as community engagement, culture, and heritage, thus being important not only for future architects but for every citizen. On the other hand, in Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), the main topics of interest are key sustainability issues such as climate...
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The environmental, economic, and social changes in the last decades demand the readdressing of the city as an adaptable one defined through a network of interwoven relations rather than well-defined rigid structures. This intricacy forges the redefinition of accustomed design practices to manage the desired inclusive, adaptive, fluid, and responsive conditions of cities. However, incorporating these coexistences in defining urban conditions necessitates a multi-focal rendering of the associations and a...
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Laboratories, as enclosed architectural-material spaces, are defined by clear physical boundaries. However, the knowledge produced within them is universal, transferable, and subject to transformation. This paradox is reinforced by models and apparatuses, which not only facilitate the expansion of knowledge but also enable the translation of the given world into data, or conversely, the materialization of data into physical reality. Laboratories possess an inherent capacity for knowledge production,...
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As the effects of the climate emergency and dwindling planetary resources force a paradigm shift within architecture away from demolition and new construction towards renovation and adaptation of existing sites and buildings, it is becoming clear that both architectural practice and education will have to evolve and adapt to a context in which the vast majority of our built environment already exists. Any approach to designing with the past, however, cannot ignore how buildings embody both material and...
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his article sheds a critical light on the making of Danish school architecture year 2015-2020. It points to barriers in architects' practices and a discrepancy between the ideas of future school architecture and the conditions of teaching and studying in the school spaces. Philosopher and sociologist Henri Lefebvres' theory and concepts of space are used to investigate this discrepancy with the perspective of how school architecture is produced socially. Lefebvre’s social ontological stand and...
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The paper addresses the extra-disciplinarity of cultural-environmental research and design speculation as an area ripe for the critical engagement of globalized architectural education and practice. Students from different disciplines (architecture, planning, urban design, anthropology, engineering, and art) studied ongoing urban and spatial transformations occurring as climactic, socio-political, and economic pressures collide in Northern mega-regions. They focused on understanding...
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This study explores possibilities for the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) image generators into architectural education, examining the intersection of traditional design processes and emerging AI technologies. While practitioners increasingly adopt AI in architectural practice, its incorporation in educational settings remains relatively unexplored. The research addresses the question of how to offer students the opportunity to use AI image generators while maintaining essential traditional...
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Understanding building energy simulation poses a significant challenge due to the intricate nature of energy modeling principles, particularly among secondary school students who form the groundwork for addressing climate change. Raising awareness about energy consumption and wastage among students at an early educational stage holds paramount importance for the future environmental well-being. This stems from the fact that individuals commonly encounter difficulty in concretely grasping the extent of...
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Extended Realities or XR has become an increased field of interest over the last decade. It is more accessible than ever, becoming an everyday component found in our homes, businesses and even our education. While there is still a lot of skepticism around the value of this technology, curiosity by many has allowed for different disciplines to embrace it. Its novelty has instigated new questions and spawned new methods of engagement. This paper discusses the use of this technology and documents the...
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his research offers a thorough examination of the online exhibition organized by Bahçeşehir University, highlighting its methodology and development within the framework of architecture and design department. The exhibitios were a reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic's problems and marks a major move away from conventional physical exhibits and toward virtual formats. This paper's main goal is to investigate how the institution used digital technology to showcase student work in an immersive, interactive...
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As we struggle with the demands of rapidly growing cities, the needs of our youngest citizens are being ignored. Due to how space is allocated in cities today, playground space has decreased. The loss of playground space denies children their right to play freely. This paper argues for a reconceptualisation of play space and for cross-disciplinary collaboration to get us there. Documentation of playgrounds from Europe and the US was used to outline the changes in playground design since the start of the...
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Although Le Corbusier and Peter Zumthor belong to different generations and their work addresses different issues, both establish connections with the world of the arts and share a concern for the space experience. Given today’s dominance of psychological awareness, research on spatial experience is pertinent for contemporary architectural practice.
This paper will analyze the Chapelle Notre-Dame-du-Haut by Le Corbusier (1955) and the Bruder Klaus Field Chapel by Peter Zumthor (2007). The aim is to...
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This investigation reviews an unexpected outcome arising from using a tool for algorithmic design for a human fabrication project. The Space Groups are a mathematical system for describing repetitive 3d Unit Geometries commonly used in crystallography. Horta is a Grasshopper library which adapts these methods to define elements within a Unit Cell and output terse instruction sets for distributing these across a lattice to create complex honeycombs. Originally intended for automated assembly in the...
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There is a widespread appeal to foster the adoption of building performance simulation (BPS) tools in the education of aspiring architects with the goal of commonplace integration in architectural practices worldwide. This adoption enhances an architect's working methodology through new forms of observational testing, which demonstrate how architectural boundaries and environmental states interact. Given the opportunities provided, students should exercise careful consideration when incorporating BPS tools...
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Facilitating deep, sustainable, and long-term learning is not a trivial matter. It is a core challenge in the educational processes aiming at sculpting the profiles of future designers with ability to take part in tackling the pluriverse crisis of climate, biological and social aspects we are facing as a collective. In this context, the paper aims to provide a rich situational insight into peer learning dynamics of a problem-based learning (PBL) architectural education in Aalborg at the Department of...
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Digital tools have become a part of most architectural education worldwide. Today, digital tools include much more than just drawing and modeling software. Every aspect of architectural design and development is digitized, and the component and construction industries are increasingly implementing digitization and automation. As such, digital knowledge and literacy in and around the architectural process are vast and constantly changing. While architectural education can include...
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Writing is a spatial act - exploring different writing modes may unveil new modes of architectural thinking. When contextualised within the architectural framework, writing takes on a transformative role, capable of opening up possibilities for non-visual relationships and interconnected networks, thereby inviting critical inquiry and discourse. In architectural schools, where the design studio is the central focus, this area usually remains less explored, particularly in undergraduate programmes. However,...
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The identification of sustainable design with the use of standards and commercially available components for energy efficiency has led architecture students to suddenly become more concerned and thirstier for existing know-how, rather than developing the ability to observe and generate their own solutions. Sustainability in architectural education cannot be limited to making students aware of environmental challenges and ready-made solutions, neither into limiting environmental impact on a purely numerical...
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Higher education's student population is growing more diverse, incorporating neurodivergent individuals such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) students. Factors contributing to this trend include heightened awareness of learning differences, improved diagnostic processes for ASD, implementing enhanced individualized learning plans, and adopting more effective special education practices. Architectural education is no exception. The creative and collaborative framework fostered in architectural education,...
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Digital simulation tools for environmental performance analysis are widely employed in architectural practices around the world. For this reason, teaching students how to use those tools is increasingly becoming an important part of the architect’s education and future employability. However, in architectural design, digital tools, providing fixed numerical outputs, have the potential to lead to design fixations, limiting the students’ capacity for innovative thinking by restricting their design actions....
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The objective of this endeavor is to develop, evaluate, and substantiate an integrative design methodology grounded in Āina, which is tailored to address the needs of indigenous populations in Hawai'i. This methodology is operationalized through a triad of courses at Chaminade University of Honolulu. These courses are designed to facilitate a collaborative learning environment that unites students, community stakeholders, and academics through hands-on design studios, mandatory thematic courses, and...
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This paper explores interdisciplinary and inclusive methodologies in architectural education, addressing contemporary socio-technical challenges. It highlights the role of collaborative frameworks in fostering dynamic learning environments and innovative pedagogical strategies. By integrating Industry 5.0 methodologies and digital mapping, we examine their impact on design processes, material innovation, and urban discourse. Through co-production and computational design techniques, we showcase the...
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As healthcare design is gradually becoming a specialized area within architecture, many schools in the USA are proposing and implementing different curricular models. A comparison of these indicates non-agreement in the essential needs of these graduates. Additionally, the two professional credentialling agencies for healthcare designers also have dissimilar criteria. The questions thus are: what knowledge and skills do graduates interested in healthcare design need, what does the profession expect, and...
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This paper discusses the integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the conceptual phases of the design of a public space. It raises the question of how AI tools can enhance the design process and how the integration of AI tools in a design process may affect the interactions between architects and clients. The investigation uses a collaborative project between academia and a major art institution to transform a vehicular street into a pedestrian event space...
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How can the design of atmospheres be taught? How can it avoid the vagueness and superficiality at times associated with this concept? This paper describes the pedagogical approach of an architect for whom atmosphere is a central concern: Peter Zumthor. While his architecture is well known, little has been written about his teaching at the Academy of Architecture – Università della Svizzera italiana (USI-ARC) between 1996 and 2007. The paper analyzes the documents of Zumthor’s teaching and highlights three...
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With bespoke fabrication on one end and mass production on the other end of the fabrication spectrum, this paper focuses on custom repetitive manufacturing. It reviews the process and outcomes of a studio offered at Illinois School of Architecture. The objective of the studio was to enable students to design building components for assembly, followed by digital fabrication of the components. The pedagogical methodology employed a project-based learning (PBL) method in the first project, and a problem and...
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In the realm of accessible building technologies, rammed earth construction is a low-skilled,
low-cost process of making architecture that commonly employs material found on site. This ancient construction process, where a loose earthen material mix in formwork is compacted with simple tooling, results in walls that are sustainable, healthy for inhabitants, and high-performance. Rammed earth walls offer functional compressive strength, filter air, capture and release heat, transpire moisture, become... -
This paper explores the use of curved-creased Origami to create complex architectural forms from corrugated cardboard. Curved-creasing blends folding and bending through curvilinear creases, transforming flat sheets into load-bearing 3D structures. While this technique has been applied to materials like paper, aluminum, and plywood, its potential with cardboard remained unexplored. The study used digital simulations, physical prototyping, and mock-up assemblies to test ten design templates, focusing on...
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The issue of sun exposure in urban settings in relation to placemaking is being studied by city planners and architects. Placemaking, which is both a physical and psychological concept, takes into account the severity of outdoor conditions and how people perceive what is considered normal, as these factors can affect the usage of space. However, many urban spaces still need to be equipped to handle increasing temperatures and broader placemaking needs. This paper proposes an augmented reality-driven design...
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The paper develops new knowledge of patterns of building material consumption in renovation and adaptation cycles, to design new buildings to have a lower future material use in their use-stage. By comparing component lifespans and environmental impacts of material uses in the life of three cases in Copenhagen, Denmark, certain architectural characteristics were found to influence the levels of material use and sequences of change. The cases were: a preindustrial case (*1755) with multiple transformations...
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To address global challenges like climate change, pollution, and social inequality, we must broaden our thinking and train the next generation of leaders—young students. Introducing bamboo as a building material through architecture education is one way to explore its potential and promote sustainable practices. This paper focuses on the role of architectural education in teaching aspiring students about bamboo materials for sustainable community development, through a participatory bamboo installation...
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he overarching goal of this study is to equip researchers and developers in the structural and associated sectors with the information they need to prioritize, in the creation of suitable and effective aid for emergency housing that can keep up with the projected future increase in demand. Using the grounded theory method and a series of case studies, the paper presents a compiled list of user-reported structural problems, the difficulties authorities have had in resolving those problems, and some ideal...
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This paper asks what can we learn from homeowner modifications of manufactured homes about addressing resilience, accommodation, energy savings, occupation, and flexibility? The authors identify retrofits which decrease heating and/or cooling requirements; provide long term accessibility as owner’s age; plan resilience in the face of extreme weather; and enhance quality of life aligned with local culture. Three rural extreme climates in Louisiana, Arizona, and Colorado provide data on a wide range of...
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This study forms an integral part of an ongoing doctoral project aimed at developing and assessing building skin solutions intended for use as distributed energy sources. Photovoltaics (PV) have become extensively employed and integrated into buildings to harvest solar radiation and produce electricity. However, a notable challenge with photovoltaics lies in their intermittent nature, which leads to an unreliable and unstable energy supply. As more photovoltaics are introduced to the grid, the "duck...
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This paper untangles the emerging need for a critical understanding of phygital design and phygital material by exploring its most definitive qualities in the context of a quasi-autonomous collaboration between human agency and the computer, here explored through the digital reinterpretation of traditional handicrafts belonging to the ethnic Chinese minority Bai from the northwestern province of Yunnan. A phygital fabrication workflow challenges experience-based standardized fabrication techniques by...
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There is sufficient evidence that the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Virtual Reality (VR) in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) education environments is desirable and beneficial. This study introduces a workflow for circular immersive parametric design (CIPaDe). The proposed CIPaDe, BIM-into- VR-based workflow is expected to improve students’ learning performance, provide an environment similar to real- world, increase the visualization of models on a larger scale, and...
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Located in Northwest Arkansas, the City of Fayetteville is experiencing rapid population growth, resulting in increased housing development in denser urban areas. Often this housing is characterized by inappropriate materials, faulty design and construction practices, and lack of consideration for building lifespan or performance. These factors lead to rapid degradation of new construction, rendering new units incapable of addressing long-term housing demands. This paper provides context for Northwest...
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Microalgae facades can significantly impact a building's energy consumption and carbon neutrality. This particular facade achieves this effect through various mechanisms, including dynamic shading efficacy, winter solar gain, dynamic visual light transmission, carbon sequestration through photosynthesis, and the transfer of produced oxygen to indoor space. While numerous smart facades have been introduced in the contemporary era, the imperative to attain zero-carbon buildings has intensified the quest for...
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The integration of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) has revolutionized the fabrication of custom architectural components, particularly in the realm of custom architectural precast concrete. This paper delves into the multifaceted world of architectural precast concrete, by doing three things. First, it identifies the manufacturing variables for architectural precast. These include but are not limited to mix design, manufacturing processes, shipping and erection...
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This paper discusses the development of integrated design-to-production frameworks for Robotic Concrete 3D Printing (RC3DP) of context-specific urban furniture projects. The study focuses on two main objectives: developing computational methods for continuous toolpath planning of bespoke components and examining integrated frameworks to make design-to-production systems more socio-environmentally inclusive and tailored to specific contexts. Following an introduction to outline the...
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he aim of this paper is to verify and describe the hybridity between European modern architecture and American traditional architecture in mid-twentieth-century American college towns as expressed in residences built there by faculty members of NAAB-accredited architecture programs. Based on shape grammar as a computational design methodology, a comprehensive analysis is presented to reveal a hybridity phenomenon that though unique has broader implications for our understanding of architectural...
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his paper outlines the design and fabrication of a cultural heritage landscape project located in Rock Hill, South Carolina. The project involves the transformation of an existing median into a commemorative linear park, located on the former site of Rock Hill Printing and Finishing Company. Through an overview of the design methods and processes, this paper explores the importance of combined knowledge and methods from generally siloed topics of community engagement, construction technology, and digital...
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This research project addresses a long-standing issue in contemporary Environmental design education and practice: the exclusion of Indigenous perspectives in all educational processes, principles, and policies. This one-year research initiative collaborated with three Indigenous Knowledge Keepers as guides and mentors and aimed at integrating indigenous ways of seeing and knowing into curricula and pedagogy within the fields of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape. The initiative was funded by an...
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The Role of International Experiences in Architectural Education: Research Reflections from Thailand726-733
In an era defined by unprecedented connectivity and cultural exchange, the role of international travel in shaping architectural pedagogy stands as an unequivocal cornerstone of transformative learning. This autoethnographic paper offers a unique perspective on the impact of self-directed and student-led international research experiences on the mind of the young designer. This paper describes the outcomes of two distinct international student-research experiences in Thailand during the Summer of...
D. Posters
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How would the travel studio experience differ if it were no longer based on physical immersion?
Travel remains at the core of architectural education for many undergraduate and graduate degree programs. Pedagogy that mimics the cultural enrichment that results from immersion is needed to serve future generations of architectural students impacted by environmental shifts and unforeseen epidemics that limit mobility. However, not much has been publicly presented regarding the...
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In our own practices we constantly develop various concepts and methods and use them as tools to generate architecture. It’s a creative way, helping us to open up a responsive and resonant relationship to our work with architecture. We use concepts to activate senses, body and mind alternately in processes, searching for a vibrant and diverse architecture. As teachers we refer to Hartmut Rosa and his book Resonance. “Education in the sense of resonance theory, however, is aimed not...
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The Center for Community, Heritage, and the Arts (CHArt) at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte is focused on preservation and interpretation of the built environment through hands-on engagement with communities, their legacies, and specific places. CHArt furthers the understanding of how the inherited constructed environment intersects with identities and cultural practices by situating architectural preservation conversations and preservation education within a broad...
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This research aims to investigate and apply a participatory action methodology, focusing on vulnerable communities in Kenya.
Learning from various projects implemented in marginalized rural areas, we have developed design frameworks that can make a greater sustainable impact. Our exploration centers around the power of community engagement and participatory mapping, which highlight community knowledge, narratives, and guide the direction of new design interventions. Our ultimate objective is to create inclusive, equitable built environments, with special consideration for the...
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Studies indicate that climate change impacts will dramatically increase vulnerabilities in rural communities where those living off the land are at increasing risk from extreme weather events such as heat waves, famine and drought. Additionally, more than 80% of the world is at risk from at least one vector-borne disease, and Malaria is a leading cause of death in the developing world. However, most research in this field addresses this public health crisis in the form of pesticides, chemical interventions, and genetic modification, with little consideration for the role of the built...
